Clinical application and research knowledge in PGT
Human embryos have a high rate of chromosome errors, such as haploidy, polyploidy, and aneuploidy, which impair their development and reproductive competence. Aneuploidies can be meiotic, affecting all cells uniformly, or mitotic, occurring in some cells and causing mosaicism. Preimplantation genetic testing (PGT) aims to deselect aneuploid embryos to improve the success rates of transferring euploid embryos. Studies show that embryos with low-level mosaicism have reproductive capabilities similar to euploid embryos. Differentiating between meiotic and mitotic aneuploidies is crucial for accurate PGT diagnosis. Additionally, enhancing PGT to detect other genetic abnormalities and monogenic disorders is a long-term goal in genetic research.